Can vs May – Learn the Difference with Easy Examples

Can and may are modal verbs in English. They are both used to talk about possibility, permission, and requests, but they are used in different ways. In this lesson, you will learn the basic differences between Can and May in simple words with useful examples.

What is Can?

Can is used to talk about:

• Ability

• Permission (informal)

• Possibility

Can for Ability

We use can when someone is able to do something.

Examples:

• I can swim.

• She can speak English.

• They can drive a car.

Can for Permission (Informal)

We use can to ask or give permission in casual or friendly situations.

Examples:

• Can I go now?

• You can play outside.

• Can we sit here?

Can for Possibility

We use can to show that something is possible.

Examples:

• It can rain today.

• This road can be dangerous.

• He can be late sometimes.

What is May?

May is used to talk about:

• Formal Permission

• Possibility (less certain)

May for Permission (Formal/Polite)

May is more polite and formal than can. We use it when we ask permission in respectful or professional ways.

Examples:

• May I come in?

• May I ask a question?

• You may leave early today.

May for Possibility (Less Sure)

We use may to show that something is possible, but not certain.

Examples:

• It may rain later.

• She may visit us tomorrow.

• He may be at the office now.

Differences Between Can and May

Use	Can (Informal)	May (Formal)
Ability	✅ Yes	❌ Not used for ability
Permission	✅ Yes (Casual)	✅ Yes (Polite/Formal)
Possibility	✅ Yes (Likely)	✅ Yes (Less Certain)
Formality	❌ Informal	✅ Formal